Abstract:
Considering the observer as part of the observed, the separation of the “inert” from the “live” is not possible. Prigogine, like Bohm, thinks that the emergence of life is not a random combination of molecules, but that it appears inevitably from the multidimensional order of the Universe. Traditionally, scientists have believed that there was a hierarchical order for the explanations of the Universe. As the evolution occurs, more complex dissipative structures appear, bringing about new levels and new laws. Therefore, instead of arranging levels in a hierarchy we should initiate a dialectics. According to the Neodarwinism, throughout the course of history new biological forms have arisen as a result of the fight for survival among individuals. The doctrine of survival of the fittest seems to imply the progress. Darwin supported the idea of evolution as hierarchical, unlike Wallace who thought evolution as a process constantly producing new varieties and species, with no elements being greater or “more evolved” than others. The notion of a socialist and non-hierarchical order where no level is more fundamental or higher than the others is almost as odd as the idea of wholeness, perhaps because wholeness is not hierarchical. The coevolution is the dissipative structure perspective of the origin of species, which considers the change of biological forms as a limitation of Neodarwinism. The development of structures in the so-called microevolution reflects the development of those of macroevolution, and vice versa, and these structures evolve together.